diff --git a/lib/stream.cpp b/lib/stream.cpp
index 53794672..330e36e0 100644
--- a/lib/stream.cpp
+++ b/lib/stream.cpp
@@ -325,14 +325,10 @@ bool Util::startInput(std::string streamname, std::string filename, bool forkFir
 }
 
 /// Attempt to start a push for streamname to target.
-/// Both streamname and target may be changed by this function:
-/// - streamname is sanitized to a permissible streamname
-/// - target gets variables replaced and may be altered by the PUSH_OUT_START trigger response.
+/// streamname MUST be pre-sanitized
+/// target gets variables replaced and may be altered by the PUSH_OUT_START trigger response.
 /// Attempts to match the altered target to an output that can push to it.
-pid_t Util::startPush(std::string & streamname, std::string & target) {
-
-  sanitizeName(streamname);
-
+pid_t Util::startPush(const std::string & streamname, std::string & target) {
   if (Triggers::shouldTrigger("PUSH_OUT_START", streamname)) {
     std::string payload = streamname+"\n"+target;
     std::string filepath_response;
diff --git a/lib/stream.h b/lib/stream.h
index 442b2668..faff3fd4 100644
--- a/lib/stream.h
+++ b/lib/stream.h
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace Util {
   void sanitizeName(std::string & streamname);
   bool streamAlive(std::string & streamname);
   bool startInput(std::string streamname, std::string filename = "", bool forkFirst = true);
-  int startPush(std::string & streamname, std::string & target);
+  int startPush(const std::string & streamname, std::string & target);
   JSON::Value getStreamConfig(std::string streamname);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/controller/controller_api.cpp b/src/controller/controller_api.cpp
index 152c028e..06ca6d2d 100644
--- a/src/controller/controller_api.cpp
+++ b/src/controller/controller_api.cpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h> //for browse API call
 #include <mist/http_parser.h>
 #include <mist/auth.h>
+#include <mist/stream.h>
 #include <mist/config.h>
 #include <mist/defines.h>
 #include <mist/timing.h>
@@ -607,8 +608,9 @@ int Controller::handleAPIConnection(Socket::Connection & conn){
               stream = Request["push_start"]["stream"].asStringRef();
               target = Request["push_start"]["target"].asStringRef();
             }
+            Util::sanitizeName(stream);
             if (*stream.rbegin() != '+'){
-              Controller::startPush(stream, target);
+              startPush(stream, target);
             }else{
               if (activeStreams.size()){
                 for (std::map<std::string, unsigned int>::iterator jt = activeStreams.begin(); jt != activeStreams.end(); ++jt){
diff --git a/src/controller/controller_push.cpp b/src/controller/controller_push.cpp
index 0a71a4b0..92676833 100644
--- a/src/controller/controller_push.cpp
+++ b/src/controller/controller_push.cpp
@@ -1,24 +1,26 @@
-#include <string>
-#include <mist/json.h>
+#include "controller_push.h"
+#include "controller_statistics.h"
+#include "controller_storage.h"
 #include <mist/config.h>
-#include <mist/tinythread.h>
+#include <mist/json.h>
 #include <mist/procs.h>
 #include <mist/stream.h>
-#include "controller_storage.h"
-#include "controller_statistics.h"
-#include "controller_push.h"
+#include <mist/tinythread.h>
+#include <string>
 
-namespace Controller {
+namespace Controller{
 
   /// Internal list of currently active pushes
   std::map<pid_t, JSON::Value> activePushes;
 
   /// Internal list of waiting pushes
-  std::map<std::string, std::map<std::string, unsigned int> > waitingPushes;
+  std::map<std::string, std::map<std::string, unsigned int>> waitingPushes;
 
   /// Immediately starts a push for the given stream to the given target.
   /// Simply calls Util::startPush and stores the resulting PID in the local activePushes map.
-  void startPush(std::string & stream, std::string & target){
+  void startPush(const std::string &stream, std::string &target){
+    //Cancel if already active
+    if (isPushActive(stream, target)){return;}
     std::string originalTarget = target;
     pid_t ret = Util::startPush(stream, target);
     if (ret){
@@ -32,13 +34,11 @@ namespace Controller {
   }
 
   /// Returns true if the push is currently active, false otherwise.
-  bool isPushActive(std::string & streamname, std::string & target){
+  bool isPushActive(const std::string &streamname, const std::string &target){
     std::set<pid_t> toWipe;
     for (std::map<pid_t, JSON::Value>::iterator it = activePushes.begin(); it != activePushes.end(); ++it){
       if (Util::Procs::isActive(it->first)){
-        if (it->second[1u].asStringRef() == streamname && it->second[2u].asStringRef() == target){
-          return true;
-        }
+        if (it->second[1u].asStringRef() == streamname && it->second[2u].asStringRef() == target){return true;}
       }else{
         toWipe.insert(it->first);
       }
@@ -52,15 +52,13 @@ namespace Controller {
 
   /// Immediately stops a push with the given ID
   void stopPush(unsigned int ID){
-    if (ID > 1 && activePushes.count(ID)){
-      Util::Procs::Stop(ID);
-    }
+    if (ID > 1 && activePushes.count(ID)){Util::Procs::Stop(ID);}
   }
 
   /// Loops, checking every second if any pushes need restarting.
-  void pushCheckLoop(void * np){
+  void pushCheckLoop(void *np){
     while (Controller::conf.is_active){
-      //this scope prevents the configMutex from being locked constantly
+      // this scope prevents the configMutex from being locked constantly
       {
         tthread::lock_guard<tthread::mutex> guard(Controller::configMutex);
         long long maxspeed = Controller::Storage["push_settings"]["maxspeed"].asInt();
@@ -68,7 +66,7 @@ namespace Controller {
         long long curCount = 0;
         if (waittime){
           jsonForEach(Controller::Storage["autopushes"], it){
-            const std::string & pStr = (*it)[0u].asStringRef();
+            const std::string &pStr = (*it)[0u].asStringRef();
             if (activeStreams.size()){
               for (std::map<std::string, unsigned int>::iterator jt = activeStreams.begin(); jt != activeStreams.end(); ++jt){
                 std::string streamname = jt->first;
@@ -77,9 +75,7 @@ namespace Controller {
                   if (!isPushActive(streamname, target)){
                     if (waitingPushes[streamname][target]++ >= waittime && (curCount < maxspeed || !maxspeed)){
                       waitingPushes[streamname].erase(target);
-                      if (!waitingPushes[streamname].size()){
-                        waitingPushes.erase(streamname);
-                      }
+                      if (!waitingPushes[streamname].size()){waitingPushes.erase(streamname);}
                       startPush(streamname, target);
                       curCount++;
                     }
@@ -90,12 +86,12 @@ namespace Controller {
           }
         }
       }
-      Util::wait(1000);//wait at least 5 seconds
+      Util::wait(1000); // wait at least a second
     }
   }
 
   /// Gives a list of all currently active pushes
-  void listPush(JSON::Value & output){
+  void listPush(JSON::Value &output){
     output.null();
     std::set<pid_t> toWipe;
     for (std::map<pid_t, JSON::Value>::iterator it = activePushes.begin(); it != activePushes.end(); ++it){
@@ -113,7 +109,7 @@ namespace Controller {
 
   /// Adds a push to the list of auto-pushes.
   /// Auto-starts currently active matches immediately.
-  void addPush(JSON::Value & request){
+  void addPush(JSON::Value &request){
     JSON::Value newPush;
     if (request.isArray()){
       newPush = request;
@@ -123,15 +119,13 @@ namespace Controller {
     }
     Controller::Storage["autopushes"].append(newPush);
     if (activeStreams.size()){
-      const std::string & pStr = newPush[0u].asStringRef();
+      const std::string &pStr = newPush[0u].asStringRef();
       std::string target = newPush[1u].asStringRef();
       for (std::map<std::string, unsigned int>::iterator it = activeStreams.begin(); it != activeStreams.end(); ++it){
         std::string streamname = it->first;
         if (pStr == streamname || (*pStr.rbegin() == '+' && streamname.substr(0, pStr.size()) == pStr)){
 
-          if (!isPushActive(streamname, target)){
-            startPush(streamname, target);
-          }
+          startPush(streamname, target);
         }
       }
     }
@@ -139,7 +133,7 @@ namespace Controller {
 
   /// Removes a push from the list of auto-pushes.
   /// Does not stop currently active matching pushes.
-  void removePush(const JSON::Value & request){
+  void removePush(const JSON::Value &request){
     JSON::Value delPush;
     if (request.isString()){
       removeAllPush(request.asStringRef());
@@ -153,51 +147,40 @@ namespace Controller {
     }
     JSON::Value newautopushes;
     jsonForEach(Controller::Storage["autopushes"], it){
-      if ((*it) != delPush){
-        newautopushes.append(*it);
-      }
+      if ((*it) != delPush){newautopushes.append(*it);}
     }
     Controller::Storage["autopushes"] = newautopushes;
   }
 
   /// Removes a push from the list of auto-pushes.
   /// Does not stop currently active matching pushes.
-  void removeAllPush(const std::string & streamname){
+  void removeAllPush(const std::string &streamname){
     JSON::Value newautopushes;
     jsonForEach(Controller::Storage["autopushes"], it){
-      if ((*it)[0u] != streamname){
-        newautopushes.append(*it);
-      }
+      if ((*it)[0u] != streamname){newautopushes.append(*it);}
     }
     Controller::Storage["autopushes"] = newautopushes;
   }
 
   /// Starts all configured auto pushes for the given stream.
-  void doAutoPush(std::string & streamname){
+  void doAutoPush(std::string &streamname){
     jsonForEach(Controller::Storage["autopushes"], it){
-      const std::string & pStr = (*it)[0u].asStringRef();
+      const std::string &pStr = (*it)[0u].asStringRef();
       if (pStr == streamname || (*pStr.rbegin() == '+' && streamname.substr(0, pStr.size()) == pStr)){
         std::string stream = streamname;
+        Util::sanitizeName(stream);
         std::string target = (*it)[1u];
-        if (!isPushActive(stream, target)){
-          startPush(stream, target);
-        }
+        startPush(stream, target);
       }
     }
   }
 
-  void pushSettings(const JSON::Value & request, JSON::Value & response){
+  void pushSettings(const JSON::Value &request, JSON::Value &response){
     if (request.isObject()){
-      if (request.isMember("wait")){
-        Controller::Storage["push_settings"]["wait"] = request["wait"].asInt();
-      }
-      if (request.isMember("maxspeed")){
-        Controller::Storage["push_settings"]["maxspeed"] = request["maxspeed"].asInt();
-      }
-      
+      if (request.isMember("wait")){Controller::Storage["push_settings"]["wait"] = request["wait"].asInt();}
+      if (request.isMember("maxspeed")){Controller::Storage["push_settings"]["maxspeed"] = request["maxspeed"].asInt();}
     }
-  response = Controller::Storage["push_settings"];
+    response = Controller::Storage["push_settings"];
   }
-
 }
 
diff --git a/src/controller/controller_push.h b/src/controller/controller_push.h
index d53b8ad7..8b71f839 100644
--- a/src/controller/controller_push.h
+++ b/src/controller/controller_push.h
@@ -1,25 +1,25 @@
-#include <string>
-#include <mist/json.h>
 #include <mist/config.h>
+#include <mist/json.h>
 #include <mist/tinythread.h>
+#include <string>
 
-namespace Controller {
-  //Functions for current pushes, start/stop/list
-  void startPush(std::string & streamname, std::string & target);
+namespace Controller{
+  // Functions for current pushes, start/stop/list
+  void startPush(const std::string &streamname, std::string &target);
   void stopPush(unsigned int ID);
-  void listPush(JSON::Value & output);
+  void listPush(JSON::Value &output);
 
-  //Functions for automated pushes, add/remove
-  void addPush(JSON::Value & request);
-  void removePush(const JSON::Value & request);
-  void removeAllPush(const std::string & streamname);
+  // Functions for automated pushes, add/remove
+  void addPush(JSON::Value &request);
+  void removePush(const JSON::Value &request);
+  void removeAllPush(const std::string &streamname);
 
-  //internal use only
-  void doAutoPush(std::string & streamname);
-  void pushCheckLoop(void * np);
-  bool isPushActive(std::string & streamname, std::string & target);
+  // internal use only
+  void doAutoPush(std::string &streamname);
+  void pushCheckLoop(void *np);
+  bool isPushActive(const std::string &streamname, const std::string &target);
 
-  //for storing/retrieving settings
-  void pushSettings(const JSON::Value & request, JSON::Value & response);
+  // for storing/retrieving settings
+  void pushSettings(const JSON::Value &request, JSON::Value &response);
 }