/// \file config.cpp
/// Contains generic functions for managing configuration.

#include "config.h"
#include "defines.h"
#include "timing.h"
#include "tinythread.h"
#include "stream.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>

#ifdef __CYGWIN__
#include <windows.h>
#endif

#if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__MACH__)
#include <sys/wait.h>
#else
#include <wait.h>
#endif
#if defined(__APPLE__)
#include <mach-o/dyld.h>
#endif
#include <errno.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <dirent.h> //for getMyExec

bool Util::Config::is_active = false;
std::string Util::Config::libver = PACKAGE_VERSION;

Util::Config::Config(){}

/// Creates a new configuration manager.
Util::Config::Config(std::string cmd, std::string version){
  vals.null();
  long_count = 2;
  vals["cmd"]["value"].append(cmd);
  vals["version"]["long"] = "version";
  vals["version"]["short"] = "v";
  vals["version"]["help"] = "Display library and application version, then exit.";
  vals["help"]["long"] = "help";
  vals["help"]["short"] = "h";
  vals["help"]["help"] = "Display usage and version information, then exit.";
  vals["version"]["value"].append((std::string)PACKAGE_VERSION);
  vals["version"]["value"].append(version);
}

/// Adds an option to the configuration parser.
/// The option needs an unique name (doubles will overwrite the previous) and can contain the following in the option itself:
///\code
/// {
///   "short":"o",          //The short option letter
///   "long":"onName",      //The long option
///   "short_off":"n",      //The short option-off letter
///   "long_off":"offName", //The long option-off
///   "arg":"integer",      //The type of argument, if required.
///   "value":[],           //The default value(s) for this option if it is not given on the commandline.
///   "arg_num":1,          //The count this value has on the commandline, after all the options have been processed.
///   "help":"Blahblahblah" //The helptext for this option.
/// }
///\endcode
void Util::Config::addOption(std::string optname, JSON::Value option){
  vals[optname] = option;
  if ( !vals[optname].isMember("value") && vals[optname].isMember("default")){
    vals[optname]["value"].append(vals[optname]["default"]);
    vals[optname].removeMember("default");
  }
  long_count = 0;
  for (JSON::ObjIter it = vals.ObjBegin(); it != vals.ObjEnd(); it++){
    if (it->second.isMember("long")){
      long_count++;
    }
    if (it->second.isMember("long_off")){
      long_count++;
    }
  }
}

/// Prints a usage message to the given output.
void Util::Config::printHelp(std::ostream & output){
  unsigned int longest = 0;
  std::map<long long int, std::string> args;
  for (JSON::ObjIter it = vals.ObjBegin(); it != vals.ObjEnd(); it++){
    unsigned int current = 0;
    if (it->second.isMember("long")){
      current += it->second["long"].asString().size() + 4;
    }
    if (it->second.isMember("short")){
      current += it->second["short"].asString().size() + 3;
    }
    if (current > longest){
      longest = current;
    }
    current = 0;
    if (it->second.isMember("long_off")){
      current += it->second["long_off"].asString().size() + 4;
    }
    if (it->second.isMember("short_off")){
      current += it->second["short_off"].asString().size() + 3;
    }
    if (current > longest){
      longest = current;
    }
    if (it->second.isMember("arg_num")){
      current = it->first.size() + 3;
      if (current > longest){
        longest = current;
      }
      args[it->second["arg_num"].asInt()] = it->first;
    }
  }
  output << "Usage: " << getString("cmd") << " [options]";
  for (std::map<long long int, std::string>::iterator i = args.begin(); i != args.end(); i++){
    if (vals[i->second].isMember("value") && vals[i->second]["value"].size()){
      output << " [" << i->second << "]";
    }else{
      output << " " << i->second;
    }
  }
  output << std::endl << std::endl;
  for (JSON::ObjIter it = vals.ObjBegin(); it != vals.ObjEnd(); it++){
    std::string f;
    if (it->second.isMember("long") || it->second.isMember("short")){
      if (it->second.isMember("long") && it->second.isMember("short")){
        f = "--" + it->second["long"].asString() + ", -" + it->second["short"].asString();
      }else{
        if (it->second.isMember("long")){
          f = "--" + it->second["long"].asString();
        }
        if (it->second.isMember("short")){
          f = "-" + it->second["short"].asString();
        }
      }
      while (f.size() < longest){
        f.append(" ");
      }
      if (it->second.isMember("arg")){
        output << f << "(" << it->second["arg"].asString() << ") " << it->second["help"].asString() << std::endl;
      }else{
        output << f << it->second["help"].asString() << std::endl;
      }
    }
    if (it->second.isMember("long_off") || it->second.isMember("short_off")){
      if (it->second.isMember("long_off") && it->second.isMember("short_off")){
        f = "--" + it->second["long_off"].asString() + ", -" + it->second["short_off"].asString();
      }else{
        if (it->second.isMember("long_off")){
          f = "--" + it->second["long_off"].asString();
        }
        if (it->second.isMember("short_off")){
          f = "-" + it->second["short_off"].asString();
        }
      }
      while (f.size() < longest){
        f.append(" ");
      }
      if (it->second.isMember("arg")){
        output << f << "(" << it->second["arg"].asString() << ") " << it->second["help"].asString() << std::endl;
      }else{
        output << f << it->second["help"].asString() << std::endl;
      }
    }
    if (it->second.isMember("arg_num")){
      f = it->first;
      while (f.size() < longest){
        f.append(" ");
      }
      output << f << "(" << it->second["arg"].asString() << ") " << it->second["help"].asString() << std::endl;
    }
  }
}

/// Parses commandline arguments.
/// Calls exit if an unknown option is encountered, printing a help message.
bool Util::Config::parseArgs(int & argc, char ** & argv){
  int opt = 0;
  std::string shortopts;
  struct option * longOpts = (struct option*)calloc(long_count + 1, sizeof(struct option));
  int long_i = 0;
  int arg_count = 0;
  if (vals.size()){
    for (JSON::ObjIter it = vals.ObjBegin(); it != vals.ObjEnd(); it++){
      if (it->second.isMember("short")){
        shortopts += it->second["short"].asString();
        if (it->second.isMember("arg")){
          shortopts += ":";
        }
      }
      if (it->second.isMember("short_off")){
        shortopts += it->second["short_off"].asString();
        if (it->second.isMember("arg")){
          shortopts += ":";
        }
      }
      if (it->second.isMember("long")){
        longOpts[long_i].name = it->second["long"].asString().c_str();
        longOpts[long_i].val = it->second["short"].asString()[0];
        if (it->second.isMember("arg")){
          longOpts[long_i].has_arg = 1;
        }
        long_i++;
      }
      if (it->second.isMember("long_off")){
        longOpts[long_i].name = it->second["long_off"].asString().c_str();
        longOpts[long_i].val = it->second["short_off"].asString()[0];
        if (it->second.isMember("arg")){
          longOpts[long_i].has_arg = 1;
        }
        long_i++;
      }
      if (it->second.isMember("arg_num") && !(it->second.isMember("value") && it->second["value"].size())){
        if (it->second["arg_num"].asInt() > arg_count){
          arg_count = it->second["arg_num"].asInt();
        }
      }
    }
  }
  while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, shortopts.c_str(), longOpts, 0)) != -1){
    switch (opt){
      case 'h':
      case '?':
        printHelp(std::cout);
      case 'v':
        std::cout << "Library version: " PACKAGE_VERSION << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Application version: " << getString("version") << std::endl;
        exit(1);
        break;
      default:
        for (JSON::ObjIter it = vals.ObjBegin(); it != vals.ObjEnd(); it++){
          if (it->second.isMember("short") && it->second["short"].asString()[0] == opt){
            if (it->second.isMember("arg")){
              it->second["value"].append((std::string)optarg);
            }else{
              it->second["value"].append((long long int)1);
            }
            break;
          }
          if (it->second.isMember("short_off") && it->second["short_off"].asString()[0] == opt){
            it->second["value"].append((long long int)0);
          }
        }
        break;
    }
  } //commandline options parser
  free(longOpts); //free the long options array
  long_i = 1; //re-use long_i as an argument counter
  while (optind < argc){ //parse all remaining options, ignoring anything unexpected.
    for (JSON::ObjIter it = vals.ObjBegin(); it != vals.ObjEnd(); it++){
      if (it->second.isMember("arg_num") && it->second["arg_num"].asInt() == long_i){
        it->second["value"].append((std::string)argv[optind]);
        break;
      }
    }
    optind++;
    long_i++;
  }
  if (long_i <= arg_count){
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

/// Returns a reference to the current value of an option or default if none was set.
/// If the option does not exist, this exits the application with a return code of 37.
JSON::Value & Util::Config::getOption(std::string optname, bool asArray){
  if ( !vals.isMember(optname)){
    std::cout << "Fatal error: a non-existent option '" << optname << "' was accessed." << std::endl;
    exit(37);
  }
  if ( !vals[optname].isMember("value") || !vals[optname]["value"].isArray()){
    vals[optname]["value"].append(JSON::Value());
  }
  if (asArray){
    return vals[optname]["value"];
  }else{
    int n = vals[optname]["value"].size();
    return vals[optname]["value"][n - 1];
  }
}

/// Returns the current value of an option or default if none was set as a string.
/// Calls getOption internally.
std::string Util::Config::getString(std::string optname){
  return getOption(optname).asString();
}

/// Returns the current value of an option or default if none was set as a long long int.
/// Calls getOption internally.
long long int Util::Config::getInteger(std::string optname){
  return getOption(optname).asInt();
}

/// Returns the current value of an option or default if none was set as a bool.
/// Calls getOption internally.
bool Util::Config::getBool(std::string optname){
  return getOption(optname).asBool();
}

struct callbackData{
  Socket::Connection * sock;
  int (*cb)(Socket::Connection &);
};

static void callThreadCallback(void * cDataArg){
  DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_INSANE, "Thread for %p started", cDataArg);
  callbackData * cData = (callbackData*)cDataArg;
  cData->cb(*(cData->sock));
  cData->sock->close();
  delete cData->sock;
  delete cData;
  DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_INSANE, "Thread for %p ended", cDataArg);
}

int Util::Config::threadServer(Socket::Server & server_socket, int (*callback)(Socket::Connection &)){
  while (is_active && server_socket.connected()){
    Socket::Connection S = server_socket.accept();
    if (S.connected()){ //check if the new connection is valid
      callbackData * cData = new callbackData;
      cData->sock = new Socket::Connection(S);
      cData->cb = callback;
      //spawn a new thread for this connection
      tthread::thread T(callThreadCallback, (void*)cData);
      //detach it, no need to keep track of it anymore
      T.detach();
      DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_HIGH, "Spawned new thread for socket %i", S.getSocket());
    }else{
      Util::sleep(10); //sleep 10ms
    }
  }
  server_socket.close();
  return 0;
}

int Util::Config::forkServer(Socket::Server & server_socket, int (*callback)(Socket::Connection &)){
  while (is_active && server_socket.connected()){
    Socket::Connection S = server_socket.accept();
    if (S.connected()){ //check if the new connection is valid
      pid_t myid = fork();
      if (myid == 0){ //if new child, start MAINHANDLER
        server_socket.drop();
        return callback(S);
      }else{ //otherwise, do nothing or output debugging text
        DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_HIGH, "Forked new process %i for socket %i", (int)myid, S.getSocket());
        S.drop();
      }
    }else{
      Util::sleep(10); //sleep 10ms
    }
  }
  server_socket.close();
  return 0;
}

int Util::Config::serveThreadedSocket(int (*callback)(Socket::Connection &)){
  Socket::Server server_socket;
  if (vals.isMember("socket")){
    server_socket = Socket::Server(Util::getTmpFolder() + getString("socket"));
  }
  if (vals.isMember("listen_port") && vals.isMember("listen_interface")){
    server_socket = Socket::Server(getInteger("listen_port"), getString("listen_interface"), false);
  }
  if (!server_socket.connected()){
    DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_DEVEL, "Failure to open socket");
    return 1;
  }
  DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_DEVEL, "Activating threaded server: %s", getString("cmd").c_str());
  activate();
  return threadServer(server_socket, callback);
}

int Util::Config::serveForkedSocket(int (*callback)(Socket::Connection & S)){
  Socket::Server server_socket;
  if (vals.isMember("socket")){
    server_socket = Socket::Server(Util::getTmpFolder() + getString("socket"));
  }
  if (vals.isMember("listen_port") && vals.isMember("listen_interface")){
    server_socket = Socket::Server(getInteger("listen_port"), getString("listen_interface"), false);
  }
  if (!server_socket.connected()){
    DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_DEVEL, "Failure to open socket");
    return 1;
  }
  DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_DEVEL, "Activating forked server: %s", getString("cmd").c_str());
  activate();
  return forkServer(server_socket, callback);
}

/// Activated the stored config. This will:
/// - Drop permissions to the stored "username", if any.
/// - Daemonize the process if "daemonize" exists and is true.
/// - Set is_active to true.
/// - Set up a signal handler to set is_active to false for the SIGINT, SIGHUP and SIGTERM signals.
void Util::Config::activate(){
  if (vals.isMember("username")){
    setUser(getString("username"));
  }
  if (vals.isMember("daemonize") && getBool("daemonize")){
    if(vals.isMember("logfile") && getString("logfile") != ""){
      Daemonize(true);
    }else{
      Daemonize(false);
    }
  }
  struct sigaction new_action;
  new_action.sa_handler = signal_handler;
  sigemptyset( &new_action.sa_mask);
  new_action.sa_flags = 0;
  sigaction(SIGINT, &new_action, NULL);
  sigaction(SIGHUP, &new_action, NULL);
  sigaction(SIGTERM, &new_action, NULL);
  sigaction(SIGPIPE, &new_action, NULL);
  sigaction(SIGCHLD, &new_action, NULL);
  is_active = true;
}

/// Basic signal handler. Sets is_active to false if it receives
/// a SIGINT, SIGHUP or SIGTERM signal, reaps children for the SIGCHLD
/// signal, and ignores all other signals.
void Util::Config::signal_handler(int signum){
  switch (signum){
    case SIGINT: //these three signals will set is_active to false.
    case SIGHUP:
    case SIGTERM:
      is_active = false;
      break;
    case SIGCHLD: //when a child dies, reap it.
      wait(0);
      break;
    default: //other signals are ignored
      break;
  }
} //signal_handler

/// Adds the default connector options. Also updates the capabilities structure with the default options.
/// Besides the options addBasicConnectorOptions adds, this function also adds port and interface options.
void Util::Config::addConnectorOptions(int port, JSON::Value & capabilities){
  JSON::Value option;
  option.null();
  option["long"] = "port";
  option["short"] = "p";
  option["arg"] = "integer";
  option["help"] = "TCP port to listen on";
  option["value"].append((long long)port);
  addOption("listen_port", option);
  capabilities["optional"]["port"]["name"] = "TCP port";
  capabilities["optional"]["port"]["help"] = "TCP port to listen on - default if unprovided is "+option["value"][0u].asString();
  capabilities["optional"]["port"]["type"] = "uint";
  capabilities["optional"]["port"]["option"] = "--port";
  capabilities["optional"]["port"]["default"] = option["value"][0u];
  
  option.null();
  option["long"] = "interface";
  option["short"] = "i";
  option["arg"] = "string";
  option["help"] = "Interface address to listen on, or 0.0.0.0 for all available interfaces.";
  option["value"].append("0.0.0.0");
  addOption("listen_interface", option);
  capabilities["optional"]["interface"]["name"] = "Interface";
  capabilities["optional"]["interface"]["help"] = "Address of the interface to listen on - default if unprovided is all interfaces";
  capabilities["optional"]["interface"]["option"] = "--interface";
  capabilities["optional"]["interface"]["type"] = "str";
  
  addBasicConnectorOptions(capabilities);
} //addConnectorOptions

/// Adds the default connector options. Also updates the capabilities structure with the default options.
void Util::Config::addBasicConnectorOptions(JSON::Value & capabilities){
  JSON::Value option;
  option.null();
  option["long"] = "username";
  option["short"] = "u";
  option["arg"] = "string";
  option["help"] = "Username to drop privileges to, or root to not drop provileges.";
  option["value"].append("root");
  addOption("username", option);
  capabilities["optional"]["username"]["name"] = "Username";
  capabilities["optional"]["username"]["help"] = "Username to drop privileges to - default if unprovided means do not drop privileges";
  capabilities["optional"]["username"]["option"] = "--username";
  capabilities["optional"]["username"]["type"] = "str";


  if (capabilities.isMember("socket")){
    option.null();
    option["arg"] = "string";
    option["help"] = "Socket name that can be connected to for this connector.";
    option["value"].append(capabilities["socket"]);
    addOption("socket", option);
  }

  option.null();
  option["long"] = "daemon";
  option["short"] = "d";
  option["long_off"] = "nodaemon";
  option["short_off"] = "n";
  option["help"] = "Whether or not to daemonize the process after starting.";
  option["value"].append(0ll);
  addOption("daemonize", option);
  
  option.null();
  option["long"] = "json";
  option["short"] = "j";
  option["help"] = "Output connector info in JSON format, then exit.";
  option["value"].append(0ll);
  addOption("json", option);
}

/// Gets directory the current executable is stored in.
std::string Util::getMyPath(){
  char mypath[500];
  #ifdef __CYGWIN__
  GetModuleFileName(0, mypath, 500);
  #else
  #ifdef __APPLE__
  memset( mypath, 0, 500);
  unsigned int refSize = 500;
  int ret = _NSGetExecutablePath(mypath,&refSize);
  #else
  int ret = readlink("/proc/self/exe", mypath, 500);
  if (ret != -1){
    mypath[ret] = 0;
  }else{
    mypath[0] = 0;
  }
  #endif
  #endif
  std::string tPath = mypath;
  size_t slash = tPath.rfind('/');
  if (slash == std::string::npos){
    slash = tPath.rfind('\\');
    if (slash == std::string::npos){
      return "";
    }
  }
  tPath.resize(slash + 1);
  return tPath;
}

/// Gets all executables in getMyPath that start with "Mist".
void Util::getMyExec(std::deque<std::string> & execs){
  std::string path = Util::getMyPath();
  #ifdef __CYGWIN__
  path += "\\Mist*";
  WIN32_FIND_DATA FindFileData;
  HANDLE hdl = FindFirstFile(path.c_str(), &FindFileData);
  while (hdl != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE){
    execs.push_back(FindFileData.cFileName);
    if (!FindNextFile(hdl, &FindFileData)){
      FindClose(hdl);
      hdl = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
    }
  }
  #else
  DIR * d = opendir(path.c_str());
  if (!d){return;}
  struct dirent *dp;
  do {
    errno = 0;
    if ((dp = readdir(d))){
      if (strncmp(dp->d_name, "Mist", 4) == 0){
        execs.push_back(dp->d_name);
      }
    }
  } while (dp != NULL);
  closedir(d);
  #endif
}

/// Sets the current process' running user
void Util::setUser(std::string username){
  if (username != "root"){
    struct passwd * user_info = getpwnam(username.c_str());
    if ( !user_info){
      DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_ERROR, "Error: could not setuid %s: could not get PID", username.c_str());
      return;
    }else{
      if (setuid(user_info->pw_uid) != 0){
        DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_ERROR, "Error: could not setuid %s: not allowed", username.c_str());
      }else{
        DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_DEVEL, "Change user to %s", username.c_str());
      }
    }
  }
}

/// Will turn the current process into a daemon.
/// Works by calling daemon(1,0):
/// Does not change directory to root.
/// Does redirect output to /dev/null
void Util::Daemonize(bool notClose){
  DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_DEVEL, "Going into background mode...");
  int noClose = 0;
  if(notClose){
    noClose = 1;
  }
  if (daemon(1, noClose) < 0){
    DEBUG_MSG(DLVL_ERROR, "Failed to daemonize: %s", strerror(errno));
  }
}