/// \file socket.h
/// A handy Socket wrapper library.
/// Written by Jaron Vietor in 2010 for DDVTech

#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <deque>

//for being friendly with Socket::Connection down below
namespace Buffer {
  class user;
}

///Holds Socket tools.
namespace Socket {

  /// A buffer made out of std::string objects that can be efficiently read from and written to.
  class Buffer {
    private:
      std::deque<std::string> data;
    public:
      unsigned int size();
      unsigned int bytes(unsigned int max);
      void append(const std::string & newdata);
      void append(const char * newdata, const unsigned int newdatasize);
      void prepend(const std::string & newdata);
      void prepend(const char * newdata, const unsigned int newdatasize);
      std::string & get();
      bool available(unsigned int count);
      std::string remove(unsigned int count);
      std::string copy(unsigned int count);
      void clear();
  };
  //Buffer

  /// This class is for easy communicating through sockets, either TCP or Unix.
  class Connection {
    private:
      int sock; ///< Internally saved socket number.
      int pipes[2]; ///< Internally saved file descriptors for pipe socket simulation.
      std::string remotehost; ///< Stores remote host address.
      unsigned int up;
      unsigned int down;
      long long int conntime;
      Buffer downbuffer; ///< Stores temporary data coming in.
      int iread(void * buffer, int len, int flags = 0); ///< Incremental read call.
      unsigned int iwrite(const void * buffer, int len); ///< Incremental write call.
      bool iread(Buffer & buffer, int flags = 0); ///< Incremental write call that is compatible with Socket::Buffer.
      bool iwrite(std::string & buffer); ///< Write call that is compatible with std::string.
    public:
      //friends
      friend class ::Buffer::user;
      //constructors
      Connection(); ///< Create a new disconnected base socket.
      Connection(int sockNo); ///< Create a new base socket.
      Connection(std::string hostname, int port, bool nonblock); ///< Create a new TCP socket.
      Connection(std::string adres, bool nonblock = false); ///< Create a new Unix Socket.
      Connection(int write, int read); ///< Simulate a socket using two file descriptors.
      //generic methods
      void close(); ///< Close connection.
      void drop(); ///< Close connection without shutdown.
      void setBlocking(bool blocking); ///< Set this socket to be blocking (true) or nonblocking (false).
      bool isBlocking(); ///< Check if this socket is blocking (true) or nonblocking (false).
      std::string getHost() const; ///< Gets hostname for connection, if available.
      std::string getBinHost();
      void setHost(std::string host); ///< Sets hostname for connection manually.
      int getSocket(); ///< Returns internal socket number.
      int getPureSocket(); ///< Returns non-piped internal socket number.
      std::string getError(); ///< Returns a string describing the last error that occured.
      bool connected() const; ///< Returns the connected-state for this socket.
      bool isAddress(std::string addr);
      //buffered i/o methods
      bool spool(); ///< Updates the downbufferinternal variables.
      bool peek(); ///< Clears the downbuffer and fills it with peek
      Buffer & Received(); ///< Returns a reference to the download buffer.
      void SendNow(const std::string & data); ///< Will not buffer anything but always send right away. Blocks.
      void SendNow(const char * data); ///< Will not buffer anything but always send right away. Blocks.
      void SendNow(const char * data, size_t len); ///< Will not buffer anything but always send right away. Blocks.
      //stats related methods
      unsigned int connTime();///< Returns the time this socket has been connected.
      unsigned int dataUp(); ///< Returns total amount of bytes sent.
      unsigned int dataDown(); ///< Returns total amount of bytes received.
      std::string getStats(std::string C); ///< Returns a std::string of stats, ended by a newline.
      friend class Server;
      bool Error; ///< Set to true if a socket error happened.
      bool Blocking; ///< Set to true if a socket is currently or wants to be blocking.
      //overloaded operators
      bool operator==(const Connection & B) const;
      bool operator!=(const Connection & B) const;
      operator bool() const;
  };

  /// This class is for easily setting up listening socket, either TCP or Unix.
  class Server {
    private:
      std::string errors; ///< Stores errors that may have occured.
      int sock; ///< Internally saved socket number.
      bool IPv6bind(int port, std::string hostname, bool nonblock); ///< Attempt to bind an IPv6 socket
      bool IPv4bind(int port, std::string hostname, bool nonblock); ///< Attempt to bind an IPv4 socket
    public:
      Server(); ///< Create a new base Server.
      Server(int port, std::string hostname = "0.0.0.0", bool nonblock = false); ///< Create a new TCP Server.
      Server(std::string adres, bool nonblock = false); ///< Create a new Unix Server.
      Connection accept(bool nonblock = false); ///< Accept any waiting connections.
      void setBlocking(bool blocking); ///< Set this socket to be blocking (true) or nonblocking (false).
      bool connected() const; ///< Returns the connected-state for this socket.
      bool isBlocking(); ///< Check if this socket is blocking (true) or nonblocking (false).
      void close(); ///< Close connection.
      void drop(); ///< Close connection without shutdown.
      int getSocket(); ///< Returns internal socket number.
  };

  class UDPConnection {
    private:
      int sock; ///< Internally saved socket number.
      std::string remotehost;///< Stores remote host address
      void * destAddr;///< Destination address pointer.
      unsigned int destAddr_size;///< Size of the destination address pointer.
      unsigned int up;///< Amount of bytes transferred up.
      unsigned int down;///< Amount of bytes transferred down.
      unsigned int data_size;///< The size in bytes of the allocated space in the data pointer.
      bool isIPv6;//<<< True if IPv6 socket, false otherwise.
    public:
      char * data;///< Holds the last received packet.
      unsigned int data_len; ///< The size in bytes of the last received packet.
      UDPConnection(const UDPConnection & o);
      UDPConnection(bool nonblock = false);
      ~UDPConnection();
      int getSock();
      int bind(int port, std::string iface = "");
      void setBlocking(bool blocking);
      void SetDestination(std::string hostname, uint32_t port);
      void GetDestination(std::string & hostname, uint32_t & port);
      bool Receive();
      void SendNow(const std::string & data);
      void SendNow(const char * data);
      void SendNow(const char * data, size_t len);
  };

}